“Canaan is a Semitic historical region in the ancient Near East that today includes Palestine, Lebanon, and the western parts of Jordan and Syria.”
(The Canaanites were called by this name, because the origin of this word goes back to “Kanaa” and “Kanaa” is a word derived from the Semitic language, which means lowland according to the ancient Semitic language. They were given this name because they lived in low places on the earth.)
1- The Jebusites: They settled in the Jerusalem area in the year (4000) BC and resided in caves and houses of poetry (a thousand years) and they worshiped idols. In the year (3000) BC they reached a degree of civilization, and they believed in the existence of a God who owned the heavens and the earth, so they established the first A city for them was built on the Hill of Appearance known today (Tell Ovel) of stone and clay. Hill of Appearance is 680 meters above sea level, and 170 meters away from the Noble Sanctuary. It was mentioned that they built a temple for themselves in which they worshiped, and they established it in the year 2000 BC. They built a wall around their city, and they dug a tunnel under the wall that connected the waters of Ain Gemun, known today as Ain (Umm al-Darj), and a water pool they created inside the city wall, which is known today as Solomon’s Pool. The tunnel is also known as the Jebusite Tunnel. Their goal in constructing this tunnel was to deliver water to the city during war and siege. They had another source of water that they exploited in normal cases, known today as (Ayoub’s Well), about 200 meters away from Tal al-Dhahur. Their great king was called Shalem. They called their city (Jerusalem), and the word Ur in their language means the city and Salem, in addition to the fact that it is the name of their king, meaning peace. Thus, the name of their city came to mean (the city of peace), and some tribes called it the city of the Jebusites (Jebus). The king of the Jebusites combined the work of a king with that of a priest, so he was called (the priest of the Most High God). Among their kings were Salem the Jebusi, Melchizedek, Adoni-zedek, Adoni-bezek, and Abdo Habib. 2- The Anakids: They resided in southern Palestine in the area of Iraq, Al-Manshiya and Gaza, and they were the ones who built the city of Ashdod on the sea coast. The word Ashdod in their language means (fortress), and one of their greatest kings was Al-Malik (Arba), who built the city of Arba (Hebron). 3- The Hivites: They resided in the Shechem area (Nablus), and they were the ones who built the town of Abu Ghosh, west of Jerusalem. 4- The Amalekites: They lived in southern Palestine in the area of Beersheba, west of Nablus, and Petra. They built the town of Farata on Mount Amalek, which was named after them. They helped the king of Moab to expel the Jews from the city of Jericho. 5- The Girgashites: They resided in the area of Lake Tiberias, near the Arab Galilee and Carmel, and Lake Tiberias was named after them (Lake of the Girgashites). It was mentioned that they built the city of Acre.
As for the Palestinians, they migrated to Palestine in the year 1200 BC from the island of Crete and the islands of the Aegean Sea south of Greece. They descended on the coast of Palestine in the area between Jaffa and Gaza and subjected the area from Jaffa to southern Gaza at a depth of 20-25 km to the east to their rule. Their area included the cities of Gaza and Ashkelon. Ashdod, Ekron, and Iraq Al-Manshiyya
